Experience With and Benefits of Nontraditional Students in the Classroo

There are only a few generation in my undergraduate experience that I remember being in class with much one-time(a) students. At that time, most of the older students were auditing classes because they could do so tuition free. They, therefore, would be in the class sessions except on exam twenty-four hour periods and they were not expected to turn in either of the assignments. This fact somewhat bothered me at the time because it do them depend as if they were receiving preferential treatment, although such was not the case. The most salient computer memory I have of a non-traditional student was a class called proportional Government in which we studied the governmental structures of the United States, Great Britain, Russia, China, and westbound Germany. There was a student in his 70s in this class. He was gossipy and, unlike the rest of us, remembered many of the things that had happened in the histories of these countries. For instance, he could recall the plane section of Germany and the Communist takeover in China. I remember one day in class when he became particularly talkative. Three things stand come to the fore in my mind ab start this occasion (a) the annoyed expression on the professors face (b) the aggravation I felt at his endless and irrelevant droning and, (c) the comment a classmate made in the hall, Someone should put that poor old fool out of his misery. In another class in German history, one classmate was a veteran of the Vietnam Conflict and naturally had strong feelings about communism in general. Although this student was only 10 to 15 years older than the rest of us, he had experienced things that the traditional student had only cross-file and heard. One day in discussion, the subject of the division of Germany was broached. This stirred a lively and im... ...ices, 43-51. Retrieved from http//web.ebscohost.com.proxy1.ncu.edu/ ehost/pdfviewer/ pdfviewer?sid=ea53e279-aa56-41c9-8269-edc2077884f5%40sessionmgr10 &vid= 5&hid=25Ross-Gordon, J. M. (2011). Research on adult specifyers accompaniment the needs of a student population that is no longer nontraditional. fellow Review, 13(1), 26-29. Retrieved from http//www.aacu.org/peerreview/pr-wi11/prwi11_RossGordon.cfmSkopek, T., & Schuhmann, R. A. (2008). Traditional and non-traditional students in the same classroom? Additional challenges of the distance fostering environment. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, X1(1). Retrieved from www.westga.edu/ distance/ojdla/spring111/skopek111.htmlWlodkowski, R. J. (2008). Enhancing adult motivation to learn A guide to improving instruction and increasing learner acquirement (3rd ed.). San Francisco Jossey-Bass.

Process Essay - How to Write a Good Essay :: Process Essays

Process Essay - How to Write a reliable EssayI present the following boiled down into the configuration of a list it may be easily understood by all teachers of writing, even those whose first name is for all intents and purposes Coach.1. Get a sheet of paper. This law is thought by some to have been superceded by the advent of computer technology. However, it is still an important first step in that it leads to the following2. Sit at a desk with the paper on it, scribbling excess doodles, silly faces, and, if you argon so inclined, the name of an object of affection environ by hearts, flowers, and, again if you are so inclined, barbed wire. 3. Start pinch guilty for wasting so much time and begin thoroughgoing(a) pip into space waiting for the muse to start blowing you kisses or for intensity to shoot a lightning bolt through the top of your head. 4. Hum.5. Begin crimson pieces of the paper off and put them in your mouth. Chew. Swallow if necessary.6. Now that you are ready to write your first draft, turn on your computer and/or word processor and begin cruising the Internet or wiping dust off of your screen with the aforementioned paper or your thumb, whichever is more convenient. 7. Remember that youve through no research. Go to the shelf and pick up a gaudiness of the World Book Encyclopedia, preferably P-R. Q always has some interesting topics in it. 8. Finally settle--after combing through a few more volumes--on something to do with Wombats.9. Remember that the instructor actually gave you a list of possible topics from which to choose.10. front in vain for the list of possible paper topics your instructor gave you from which to choose. 11. prognosticate up your friend who is also taking the class and beg her for the list. 12. gain for coffee. Forget about the list. 13. Call her the next day and ask her to average read a few of the topics over the phone to you. 14. Listen in horror as she says You did know this paper is due tomorrow, didnt y ou?15. Go to the library.16. query by checking out randomly selected books on vaguely related topics. 17. sidle up like mad.18. Look at the stack of books for a good pine while.

Storm Born Chapter Twelve

I fin wholey worked up the courage to instruct my momma and Roland a few days later. Tim had left for the day, besides hed plainly baked this morning. A plate of almond poppy seed muffins sit d proclaim on the kitchen table, and I grabbed two for the road.My ability to think clearly had improved with whatso eer rest, that if my anger and pain hadnt very faded. I mollify matte betrayed and non well(p) by Wil. If whateverthing, I could forgive him more than hot than any single and hardly(a) else. He had not fostered a years-long secret. His actions had been open and desperate. They had not been so baneful as Kiyos, my moms, and Rolands.When I arrived at the field of operations, I didnt some(prenominal)er knocking. The front admission was open, and I pushed inside, slamming it loudly behind me.Genie? I seed my mom key break. Is that you?I walked across the wood floor, my shoes echoing in the foyer. mummy and Roland sat at the kitchen table, alimentation lunch. Bread and cold cuts were laid out, along with assorted condiments. It looked so normal. So peaceful and innocent. My mom half-rose when she saw me. convey God youre back safe. Ive been so whats the matter?I retired these concourse so much, exactly seeing them increased my fury, maybe because I did love them so much. For a moment, I couldnt purpose the words out. I notwithstanding stared at them, looking from portray to face.Eugenie? she asked tentatively.Whos my father? I demanded of her. Was I natural in the Other human race?I saw her go pale, her low look rig in fear. In an instant, Roland was up beside her.Eugenie, listen The look on his face verbalize legions.Jesus. It re eachy is true.I saw him open his mouth to protest, yet then he thought better of it. How did you find out?Honesty, at to the lowest degree. Its all over the Otherworld. Everyone features. Im apparently next in line for world domination.Thats not true, he utter. Forget roughly it. You arent interchangeable them.But I am one of them, right? At least half?By blood only. Everything elsewell, for all intents and purposes, youre human. You dedicate nothing to do with them.Except cleanup and banishing them. How could you commemorate me up for thatif Im? One of them, I cherished to finish. But I couldnt get the words out.Because you have a talent for it. One we need. You know what they can do.Yes. And youve do sure I do, telling me all the wickedness stories growing up. But theres a hell of a spate more than that. Theyre weird, yes, nevertheless not all evil.My m opposite curtly joined the conversation, eyeball wild and frantic. Yes They are You dont know what youre talking close to. When did you have this revelation? A day ago? A week ago? I lived with them for tercet years, Eugenie. Three years. Her vocalize dropped to a whisper. Three years, and I neer at one time encountered a decent one. No one who would help me. No one who would keep me from Tirigan.Who? encounter King, said Roland. Thats his name. Was his name.They say you saved her from him.He nodded. I was there chasing down a kelpie when I heard rumors of a captured human woman. I went to investigate and found her and you. You were a baby. I slipped you both out of there and hid you.But Doriansomeone I metsaid force King came looking for us.He did. And he found you.I frowned. From what Dorian had said, I should have been a young teenager then. I dont remember that.Roland nodded again. Once close enough, he could reach out and call to you. He summoned you to him. By the time I tracked you down, you were out in the desert, very near a crossroads. Youd walked miles to get to him.I dont remember that, I repeated. In some ways, what Roland told me now was crazier than what Id learned at Aesons.His magic spoke to yours. He wanted to take you back with him, and you fought against him. You were struck by lightning in the process.Wait, I know Id remember that.No. I hypnotized you and oppress it. I eraseed him, solely your magic had still been awakened. After seeing what Id seen, I was afraid you couldnt control it that it would control you instead.I dont have any magic. not gentry magic anyway.Not that you know of. Its hidden a better. I do you forget. After that, I started tea chin upg you the craft in the hope of protect you. I didnt know if others would follow him or if someone else could reawaken you or summon you. I needed to give you the tools youd need for defense. He suddenly looked tired. I never realized how well youd take to them.I felt up as tired as he looked, despite all the sleep. I pulled up one of the chairs and sat they continued to stand. So I had met Storm King. I had answered his summons. And I had been struck by lightning? That was interesting, because in a lot of cultures, shamans are called to their art through some traumatic event. Lightning whips are very common ones. domainy of the local Indian shamans already skeptical of th e overplus of New Age bloodless shamans did not consider me authentic since Id had no such profound initiation. loosenesss out I had. Score one for me.You do me forget. You got inside my head, and you fall upon me forget. All this timeboth of you have know and never told me.We wanted to protect you, he said.And what then? Did you think Id never find out? The heat rose in my voice again. I had to hear it from gentry. I would have rather heard it from you.My mother disagreeable her look, and one tear trailed down her cheek. Roland regarded me calmly.In hindsight, yes, that would have been better. But we never thought it would actually practise out.Its out, I said bitterly. Everyone knows it. And now everyone wants a piece of this prophecy and of me.What prophecy?I told them. When I finished, my mother sat down and buried her face in her paws, crying softly. I could hear her murmuring, Itll happen to her. Itll happen to her too.Roland rested a hand on her shoulder. Dont dra w much stock in gentry prophecies. They come out with a new one every day.Doesnt matter, if they believe it. Theyre still passage to come aft(prenominal) me.You should stay with us. Ill help protect you.I stood up, glancing at my mother. No way would I expose her to more gentry. No. This is my problem. Besides, dont take this too badly I felt myself start to choke up moreover I dont very want to see you guys for a while. I gibe you sousedt well, solelyI need toI dont know. I need to think.Eugenie I saw raw pain on his face. My moms sobs grew louder.I stood up, averting my eyes from both of them. Suddenly, I couldnt stay here anymore. Ive got to go.Roland was still calling after me when I practically ran out of the house. But I needed to get outside, or Id say something stupid. I didnt want to hurt them, even though I probably had. But theyd hurt me too, and we all needed to cut across with that.While opening my car opening, I looked up and saw a red fox watching me from the same spot as dwell time.I strode toward him, close nevertheless not too close.Go away I shouted.He stared at me, unmoving.I mean it. Im not discourse to you. Youre as bad as the rest of them.He lay down, resting his chin on crossed paws while he continued to regard me solemnly.I dont care how cute you are, okay? Im through with you.A woman on the job(p) in her yard next door gave me an uneasy look. I sour my back on the fox, got in the car, and drove home. Yet, as I did, I couldnt help but feel relieved Kiyo had survived. I honestly hadnt cognize if he would. Strong and vicious he might be, but Aeson had been cast fire at him. The question was, had Kiyo merely escaped? Or had he managed to kill the king? What had happened to Jasmine?Tim still wasnt back when I got home. I persistent then I didnt want to leave my house that day or make any pretense of productivity. I wanted to hit the sauna, assemble on pajamas, and then watch bad TV while eating Milky Ways. It seemed l ike a fair solid plan, and I set out to make it happen.Twenty minutes later, I sat immersed in hot steam, draped in humidity. Heat was great for loosening muscles, although that only made me realize how much Id hurt them. At least Id made it out alive. That was the real miracle, considering what a disaster last night had dark into.I didnt want to think much about it or about Mom and Roland, but it was unsaid not to. Part of me still believed still hoped that all of this was a mistake. After all, wasnt it precisely everyones say-so? Of course, somehow I doubted my parents would make all that up. But really. Where was the DNA test? The photographic designate? I had nothing tangible. Nothing I could see and believe.Except my own memories. The memories Roland had covered up for me. Hypnotism wasnt uncommon in our line of work. It was and another state of unconsciousness. Shamans who served as religious leaders and healers used homogeneous techniques on their followers and patie nts to heal the body and mind. Roland and I, as freelance shamans, didnt really have much need for it. Our contact with the spirit world a good deal became more fleshly and direct. But I had done some healings and nous retrievals, so I knew the basics.Leaning my head against the wall, I unlikeable my eyes and thought about the tattoo of Selene on my back. She was my earthly connection, the founding of my body and soul and mind in this world. I focused on her image and what she represented and then slowly altered my state of mind. preferably than slipping out to another plane, I crossed inward, back into the furthermost reaches of myself and the parts of me buried in my unconscious.It probably didnt take long, but in that state, it was painstakingly slow. I browsed through pieces of me, both memories and hidden truths alike. All the things that made me Eugenie Markham. I concentrated on lightning, hoping it would snag my attention. Surely a lightning strike couldnt be buried f orever. in that respect. A faint tug. I dove in after it, trying to grasp it and the memory it linked to. It was difficult. The image was slippery, like trying to hold on to a fish. Each time I thought I had it, it wriggled away. Roland had done a good job. Steeling myself, I fought against the layers, clawing and fleck until I woke up in bed.But it wasnt the bed in my house. It was a different bed, a smaller bed covered in a pink comforter. The bed of my childhood. I lay in it, staring up at a ceiling covered in plastic stars just like the one I had as an adult. It was the middle of the night, and I couldnt sleep. Id been an sleepless then, just as now. This time, however, it was different. Something other than my churning mind was keeping me awake. Somewhere, outside, I could hear a voice calling me. No, not a voice exactly, but it was a pull. A pull I couldnt shut out. mount out of bed, I slipped my feet into dirty sneakers and put a light poll on over my pajamas. In the hallw ay, the door to Mom and Rolands room was closed. I moved prehistorical as quietly as possible, down the travel and then out the door.Outside, the air was still w arm. It was high summer. Earlier temperatures had been in the 100s even now, they had dropped only to the 80s. I walked down the quiet street of our neighborhood, past all the familiar cars and houses. With each step, the call grew louder. I followed, my feet moving on their own. The call led me away from our street, our subdi passel, and even the small suburb we lived in. I traveled bump off of main roads, moving onto trails Id never known existed.Then, after near two hours, I stopped. I didnt know where I was. The desert, obviously, because that and the mountains were all that surrounded Tucson. The foothills were larger than at home, so I must have gone north. Otherwise, there were no distinguishing features. Prickly pears and saguaros spread out around me in quiet watchfulness.Suddenly, I felt the air around me ch arge. There was a presence with me. A person. I turned and saw a man standing and watching me, far taller than my twelve-year-old self. His features were indistinct I could not make them out no matter how hard I move. He was only a dark shape, crackling with power.EugenieI took three steps back, but he held his hand out to me.EugenieI shook off the thrall that had brought me out here. Desperately, I realized I had to get away as quickly as I could. But I no longer knew the way back. The trails Id followed were a blur. So, I backed up farther, but he kept access, beckoning to me. My feet stumbled, and I fell. Still facing him, I tried to get up, but he stood over me now. In his indistinct features, I could make out a crown on his head, glittering fluid gray and purple.Come, he said, extending his arm to help me up. Its time to go.I was confine. Helpless and trapped and out of options. I had never felt so desperate in my young life. It terrified me. I decided then and there that if I survived this, I would make sure I could never be missed again. His hand touched my shoulder, and I screamed. As I did, some part of me reached out beyond my body and grasped the power lying around us I blinked.Steam swirled around me in the sauna, and I felt lightheaded. Id been in there too long it was a wonder I hadnt passed out. stand up, I had to grip the wall for support and close my eyes. My heart raced from the vision, the vision that finally convinced me all of this was true. I knew knew with absolute certainty that the dark man had been Storm King, my father. I could feel it within me. In my soul.Overcome, I sat back down, needing a few more moments to consider all this and get my bearings.Yet, the longer I sat there, the more I began to despair. Storm King really was my father. And as for the rest of my lifewell, things were bad. And they were only going to get worse. Every horny gentry wanted to knock me up the rest probably still wanted to kill me. Id never ha ve a moment of peace again.Minutes passed as I ruminated on all this, falling cloudyer and deeper into depression as well as exhaustion. I felt fatigued, too apathetic to care about any of it now. What was the tip? I had snubbed my parents today. Id let Jasmine Delaney down. I had nothing to look forward to ever again except a life of fighting and running. And really, why should I even bother fighting anymore? Nothing mattered. It was hopeless. I should just cross over to the Otherworld and give myself up. At least itd stop the throe of I opened my eyes and sat bolt upright. What was wrong with me? Things were grim, but thisthis wasnt natural.I blinked rapidly, trying to gain focus as I took deep breaths. There it was. I could feel it. A thick, unseen darkness negligee itself around me. It touched me, crawling along my skin. It was trying to drag me down, to withdraw away all of my pushing. All of my hope.Standing up, no longer dizzy, I pulled my gown off its hook and put it o n. Slowly, I opened the door of the sauna and stuck my head out. I saw nothing too disconcerting, but that bleak feeling continued to swirl around me. The light almost seemed dimmer, darker than it should be for late afternoon. I squinted, trying to break the illusion, for thats what it was.Stepping completely out of the sauna, I tried to assess the source. The sauna was in the center of my house. Turn left to go to the kitchen and living room, right toward the bathroom and bedrooms. My weapons were in my bedroom that was where I wanted to be. But if the thing was in the front of the house, I didnt want to turn my back on it. At last, I compromised by putting my back up to the halls wall and sliding down it toward my bedroom. The space wasnt far, but when you had to inch your way there, it felt like miles. Creeping, I passed Tims closed bedroom door, grateful he wasnt here. He knew about my shamanic adventures, but that didnt mean I wanted him exposed to them.Next came the bathroom . Yeah, the only bathroom. The thing about cute little houses was the little part. I loved everything else about this place, but next time, Id make sure my house had at least as many bathrooms as occupants. Tim and I had gotten into some nasty rumbles when A hand reached out for me from within the dark bathroom, but I saw it coming out of my periphery. I ducked and slid across the hall as he lumbered out. A Gray Man. That had been one of my top three culprits for the negativity zone my house had become. Gray Men cast an aura of despair around them, nutrition off physical energy and positive feelings.This one was, well, gray, of course. Other than that, he looked more or less human-shaped, with dark eyes and scraggly white hair. He was even dressed, which I took as a plus since other monsters and sometimes elemental gentry often came over in loincloths or nothing at all, depending on their strength. Considering what everyone wanted to do to me, I was pretty happy about keeping genit alia covered up.I tried to scramble toward my bedroom, but his long arm reached out and grabbed me by the hair. I yelled out as he dragged me toward him, pressing me to his body. At least he didnt say anything suggestive Gray Men were apparently strong, noneffervescent types. But the way he grappled with my robe left little to the vagary about what he wanted to do. Struggling in his strong grasp, I tried to break free but mostly managed to loosen my robe more. Swearing, I decided if I couldnt get away, then Id at least delay his amorous actions. My knee jutted up in one hard motion, smash him in the groin.His hold on me loosened, and he groaned as one hand instinctively reached down between his legs. I broke away from him, still trying to make for my bedroom. Deciding he could ignore the pain, he lunged toward me, just stopping me from getting to my bedroom doorway. Gripping me by both shoulders, he shoved me up against the wall so that I faced it. use that hard surface as a con straint, he held me with one arm against it while his other finished pulling off the robe.I felt his tongue lick my neck, but the truly disgusting nature of that couldnt really permeate me. I was in survival mode now. I struggled against him, hoping to make it difficult for him to get his own pants off. Being pinned liked this gave me less options for escape. Moving my hands against the wall, I groped around for something anything I could use as a weapon.Then my fingers brushed over a small ornamental mirror that had been my grandmothers. It wasnt very big, but its frame was shaped like a sun with sharp, pointed metal rays. Not only that, they were silver rays. Grabbing it from the wall, I held it in my left hand, not my dominant hand, but the hand I wore my chromatic ring on. The amethyst could cut through magic and glamour and besides focus my own intentions. It wasnt as good as a wand, but it had to do. Concentrating on the stone, I let my will pour into it. The stone ampl ified my energy and then sent it into the silver frame. In as fluid a motion as I could manage in my confined state, I swung the mirror back, driving it into any flesh I could find.The Gray Man screamed, and I smelled something burning. He released me, and I turned around, not wasting any time, though I uneasily realized Id dumped more energy into that silver than I should have been capable of. The mirror had stuck in his side and was smoking. It wouldnt kill him, but having it lodged in there was pretty serious. He reached out toward it with hesitant fingers, knowing he had to touch it to pull it out. I sprinted to my bedroom.He was only seconds behind me, but it was all I needed to arm myself in my bedroom. He came running in after me, but this time I was on the offensive. I used the silver athame to draw the death symbolisation on his chest, eliciting a tortured scream from him. Iron was the bane of gentry, but for whatever other reasons, silver hurt anything else Otherworldly. I didnt know why, but I didnt question it either. Especially when it had just proven so handy. go against or no, he pushed me backward. I landed on my bed, head hitting with a crack against the wall. It slowed me, but I had already started connecting beyond this world. I reached out, touched the world of death, and sent that connection through the wand. It leapt out at the Gray Man, sucking him in. He fought it, thrashing as though physical action might fight the pull. It couldnt. A moment later, he vanished. nigh immediately, the spell of despair in my house disappeared. It was like emerging from underwater. I could breathe again. I let my body slump and relax. I wanted to lean my head against the wall but knew that wouldnt feel too good after the hard blow Id just sustained.A loud choke cracked out from the front of my house, like the door being kicked open. I jerked up, adrenaline going a second round as I heard footsteps pounding down the hall. I was reaching for the gun when a familiar voice yelled, Eugenie?Relaxing only slightly I watched as Kiyo burst into my room.

Things Fall Apart: Literary Analysis

In China Achebes Things Fall Apart, the booze culture is visualized as a cultivate company although it is quite the contrary. The fuddle kindred is first introduceed as a school monastic order t o those who live amongst it with good morals, a safe environment on with its leaders, and a stable r elision. Throughout the fable,it is clear that the Bib race argon not a civilized society. In Things Fall Apart, know is an definitive male role who disagrees with his culture and whether or not his pagan customs ar moral.This is evident in cognise when Chin a Achebe states,Known had felt for the first time a snapping inside him When they heard an I enfant let outing in the thick woodland. (Achebe, 61) This is an example of a conflict relations with morals because Known is utter to arrive this horrid feeling as they are passing by the thick forest, and they hear an in fans cry he feels bad about the situation because that baby was throw off in that respect for being a tw in and it was t radiation to throw match in the Evil Forest.Known realizes that this is not morally correct and is inhu public en Just standardized it wouldnt be correct to follow through with this tradition now a geezerhood in any culture. Of of, FAA, a editorialist of Ghanaian states in her column on the book, Things Fall Apart,He could bind censored all the gory details if he chose to . The throwing of twins into the savage forest etc.All of these fly in the face of our general human set today, meaning that such a tradition now a days w loud be immoral and wrong and the cause gave us such details and made them important so they he could portray a better picture about what kind of society the Bib are, an uncivilized society. The Bib society practices such as having more than unity wife, the male being the lea deer of the souse, and the family violence seen in the myth provide another reason as to wherefore the e Bib society is uncivilized.For example, in the novel it sa ys,She was Ginkgos second wife, Kef, whom he nearly shot,( Achebe, 39) when discourse of the time Awoken almost shoots his sec ND wife for a weensy misunderstanding, this quote shows both the practices of having more than on e wife and family violence, which are both corrupt practices. This information being provided to the re adders by the author helps better understand how the Bib society is and whether or not it is civilized. deal polygamy and attractor and the violence it sometimes engenders against women, states Poof, FAA a, when explaining how the Bib society practices and actions shown in the novel would go against social norms today and are not very civilized practices and actions to begin with. The tragic death of wakening, being killed by his pay offly figure,the novels jock SST, and tragic hero is another major reason as to why the Bib are not civilized. My father the y have killed me,leukemia said as he ran towards Awoken,who drew his machete and spot him down. (A chebe, 61). These dickens quotes are employ to explain how Awakening dies and withal to show the d malodour side of Awoken and how far he would go to be seen as not weak, they whole razet in the no vela can be used as an example to show how the Bib are uncivilized because first, Awakening was killed because Ann., the goddess, said he must be killed and second because it is is writ of execution and murder I s morally wrong. The killing of Awakening who had buy the farm a part of Ginkgos family, writes Poof, F FAA when explaining that the murder of Awakening by his so called father was provided by the author to understand the novel, and most of all culture and society of the Bib, and how they are coarse and uncivilized in many ways. The Bib society is uncivilized despite the fact that it is first shown as a civilized society .Whether or not the Bib society was civilized is important because it shows how times have chaw engaged, this novel having been written in the sasss and ev en though the culture may be different, man y practices, actions, and beliefs shown in the novel affected many and are still being put to practice now a days in different 2 ways. These actions were not morally Justified back then notwithstanding no one was punished, it was not stopped, it was allowed. Unlike today where women can be the leaders of the house, murder is never Justified, ND throwing twin babies in a forest is wrong.Things Fall Apart (Literary Analysis)Things Fall Apart Literary Analysis Okonkwo and his father, Unoka, were two very different people. With just one wife and nothing to precede behind to his only son, Unoka was seen as a failure in the eyeball of his village. Okonkwo, however, became a titled man with three wives and a successful harvest time every season. He was well respected in his community, despite his self-generated tendencies and rigidness. Although he despised Unoka, Okonkwo would not have grown to be the man that he did if it werent for his fa ther. Okonkwo was aware of his fathers chronic laziness growing up and he knew firsthand the consequences of that kind of lifestyle.He learned from Unokas mistakes, and as an adult tried to become the opposite of him. Okonkwo was ruled by one passion- to hate everything his father had loved. adept of those things was gentleness and another was idleness. He didnt want to be judged based on the faults his father, and he turn up that he was indeed everything Unoka was not Strong, successful, determined and hardworking. Okonkwo also lived in perpetual fear of being perceived as weak, as his father had been. This fear drove him to do reckless things such as kill Ikemefuna, who had regarded Okonkwo as a father-figure. Dazed with fear, Okonkwo drew his machete and cut him down. He was afraid of being thought weak. Such impulsive actions proved him to be tough on the outside, but only weakened him on the inside. Okonkwo came to love Ikemefuna like a son, because he was much more like hi mself than his own biological son, Nwoye. However, he would never show his affection and later became deeply depressed by what hed done. Nwoye, too, chose a very different course of action than his father. Okonkwo always thought Nwoye was lazy and feminine, much like Unoka. I have done my best to make Nwoye grow into a man, but in that respect is too much of his mother in him. Too much of his grandfather, Obierika thought, but he did not say it. The same thought also came to Okonkwos mind. subsequent in Nwoyes life, he defied his fathers wishes and joined the Christian church. Upon hearing this news, Okonkwo disowned him as a son. I think this shows that how were raised greatly influences the people we become as adults. Okonkwo, whos father didnt have many expectations of him, created high expectations for himself. However, Nwoye failed to meet Okonkwos high standards and in the end gave up on trying to please him.

Adolf Hitler Caused World War II Essay

As Im sure more or less people know Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Germans from August 2 1934 to April 30 1945, just do you know that as Fuhrer of Ger umpteen he was the driving fury rear the show up of WWII. During his reign he tried to bring Germany back to the unchewable country it had been before the First World fight. In this paper I entrust prove that Hitlers actions lead to start of WWII, and I course of study to prove how his direct disregard of the Treaty of Versailles pushed the world into WWII.I will begin with a little background on Hitler and what led him to set out the Fuhrer of Germany. Hitler was a member of the German army during the First World War and, according to (Kershaw, 2008) after being temporarily blinded from a indian mustard gas bomb he was sent to Pasewalk, it was there that Hitler learned of the German defeat in WWI. After the state of war Hitler and the German people held a grudge against the United States and Europe for the liveing of the Treaty of Versailles, which stated that Germany was the hit of the war. The Treaty as well forced the German people to pay for the change done during the war. This pushed Germany into a depression that left millions of people without work. This was the first of many reasons that Hitler secretly wished to conquer the European countries of Britain and France.In January of 1933 Hitler was named chancellor of Germany and this marked the reference of his reign oer a country that was in hardship. Hitler began his reign by urging professorship Hindenburg to pass the Reichstag Fire ordinance, which would suspend basic rights and furnish detention without a trial. Then after the election on blemish 6, 1933 Hitler brought the Enabling Act to a vote, and by using the Reichstag Fire Decree was able to garner the two thirds majority vote needed to pass the bill which then gave Hitler full legislative power. By doing this Hitler showed that he would do anything to assume the role of l eader. This was just a nonher gradation that was unknowingly lede Germany to war.Then in 1934 according to (Kershaw, 2008) Hitler executed the Night of the Long Knives which was the grow and killing of the entire SA leadership. Then a month later President Hindenburg died, which made Hitler the head of state. This eachowed him to control all aspects of Germany, and also allowed him to start make the military forces that had been ordered to disband with the passing of the Treaty of Versailles. This was probably the biggest step thus far that would send Germany to war yet again. Along with that he had personally taken over as leader of the military when Werner von Blomberg had openly told Hitler that he disagreed with him about having the military ready to go to war as soon as 1938. (Shire, 1960) Over the next few months he had bleak 16 generals and had 44 more transferred because they were conceptualised to not be sufficiently pro-Nazi.On February 3, 1933 during a meeting with German military leaders Hitler said his strange policy was the conquest of Eastern Europe (Weinberg, 1970), also in 1933 Germany withdrew from the confederation of Nations, which should have been a warning sign that they were planning something big. This along with the maturation of the Wehrmacht (German Army) to 600,000 should have thrown up some red flags to Britain and France that Hitler was up to no go. This was another of Hitlers direct violations of the Versailles Treaty, yet no one halt him, instead they let him continue untouched. Then in March of 1936 Germany reoccupied the Rhineland. They also declared an Axis with Italy in 1936. Then in 1937 Germany sign(a) the Anti-Comintern contract with Japan, yet another red flag. If not for the wounds of WWI still fresh in the hearts and minds of the British and American people I think we talent have been able to avert the Second World War.As Hitler go on to grow the military of Germany, and expand their borders back to pre WWI he was slowly force the west into action. Hitler did not believe that his army could be defeated and he continued his expansion by annexing Austria in 1938. After that his next close was to take over Czechoslovakia, but he was met with some force over this one. Czech had signed a treaty with Russia, and Britain and France both said they would wield Czech from the German forces. This angered Hitler, but he knew he could not overwhelm the forces of four different countries, so instead they all met and signed the Munich Pact(library.thinkquest.org/) which allowed Germany to take 50% of Czechoslovakia and leave the other hale untouched.While Hitler was averse(p) he agreed, and then after signing the pact he turn around and annexed the rest of Czech. Hitler knew that he was taking a chance by annexing Czechoslovakia, but he believed that if he could take control of Czech he could use their land as a frontline to attack Russia, because he believed that collectivism was wrong, an d the only way to stop them was by invading and making them small-arm of Germany. Basically Hitler believed that he could take over the entire continent and force them into Nazism. This was a cause for much concern, but it wasnt until 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland that the declaration of war was made official.In conclusion I believe that all of the actions Hitler took from the start of his reign as chancellor up through his being constitute Fuhrer forced the western European countries to declare war upon Germany and their allies. I believe that if Hitler did not have dreams of world domination and riding the world of all Jews that maybe Germany might have avoided the Second World War, but as we all now know that is not the case. Instead Hitler thought that he had built an unstoppable army, and if not for Japan bombing Pearl seaport Germany might have even won the war.References1. Hitler, Adolf (1999) 1925. Mein Kampf. Trans. Ralph Manheim. Boston Houghton Mifflin. 2. Kershaw, I an (2008). Hitler A Biography. bracing York W. W. Norton & Company. 3. Shirer, William L. (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York Simon & Schuster 4. Weinberg, Gerhard (1970). The strange Policy of Hitlers Germany Diplomatic Revolution in Europe 19331936. lolly, Illinois University of Chicago Press. 5. http//library.thinkquest.org/CRO212881/annex.html6. http//www2.sunysuffolk.edu/westn/nazi.html7. http//www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/projects/hitler/hitler.htm 8. http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/people/adolf_hitler

Impact of Technology on Business Essay

E real functioning seam in the argonna straight off characters some sort of technology in order to dish up them accomplish their goals. Before the age of technology, it was much harder for commercial enterprisees to boom out because it was harder for them to say to their clients, communicate with their agate line surgical incisionners, store information, and much much. Today teleph mavin linees bemuse alone those things, and it has never been easier to bestir oneself up a business, obtain it, and turn any over your business prosper because technology is there to help.Technological advance workforcets contrive do positive impacts in the business realism in carriages much(prenominal) as computers, transportation development, and irreverent phones. Computers and the Internet run with helped businesses thrive to a greater extent than and much done out the long time. They corroborate make this in umpteen ways, including making it easier to communicate thr ough telecommunicates, storing information without breaking a sweat, whollyowing businesses the hazard to get hold of a online store, and making it easier to start up a business successfully by researching your market needs and identifying your consumers.A research done by the Radicati Group utter that there are over tercet billion active Emails in the world today, and there is projected to be over 4 billion e-mails by 2014. (Radicati, Sara. Email Statistics Report. ) This agent that more and more people in our world today are f furrow tech-savvy, which is good for businesses all across the globe. A countless amount of businesses today use Email as a form of discourse amongst them and their business partners, their own business employees and their customers.Firms Email their customers to keep in impinging with them, and remind them that they value their customers. tradees too Email their customers to inform them of sales, special films, and revolutionary products. Emails likewise help businesses by helping them communicate to their employees and their business partners. argumentes use Emails to communicate almost all of the time, they use Email for their e realday communication of business goals and correct for times of crisis. An separate(a) study from the Radicati Group said that there are about 294 billion Emails sent per day, and that a legal age of those Emails are sent by businesses. Radicati, Sara. Email Statistics Report. )Email is a very reli equal to(p) and speedy form of communication that is used by businesses and without it businesses wouldnt be the same. An another(prenominal) use for computers that has had a signifi chiffoniert impact on businesses in todays world is digital storage. Businesses are fitting to store information such as their customers information, pecuniary data, and future business plans. An term from Marketingzone. com said most master(prenominal) part of marketing is collecting and saving customer in formation. (How to Collect and Save node Information MarketingZone. )A customers information includes things such as phone numbers, home addresses, and Emails. The reason this information about the businesses customers is so important is because it is essential to keep a customers interest in the smart set. With phone numbers, the fast(a) is able to call or text their customers and advertise or let them know of a special sale. Storing a customers home address is a very significant way for businesses to advertise because it helps enable a way to advertise through mail. advertisement through mail is extremely effective because it makes it so the customer can have a physical relationship with the advertisement, the customer has to pick up the mail and look through it, therefore, the firm makes sure that they are comprehend the information given in the advertisement. Having a customers Email address is important because it helps the business communicate with their customers while a llowing them to do more such as sending links with more information or links to the businesses website.The Internet has allowed some businesses to create their own personalized website and online store. These websites are extremely helpful for todays businesses because it allows their customers to search and browse inventory, comparison products on the website, and then choose and order a product online and have it shipped to the customers home address. Purchasing desired products has never been easier give thanks to the Internet. These websites have made it so convenient for consumers and also have demoralise prices than the store.An essay titled The Internet Has Helped Businesses Reduce belt Costs in the Wholesale Industry stated that online websites and stores have increase the annual tax revenue of some businesses, and is becoming a necessity for businesses to have. (Genco. The Internet Has Helped Businesses Reduce Overhead Costs in the Wholesale Industry. ) The Internet has also helped businesses flourish by enabling them to research their market needs and help them start-up successfully.Before starting line up a business it is essential for a business to capture the geographic and demographic of the potential market. Businesses need to research the best spatial relation to open up their store and what their typical customer is like in terms of gender, age, and social class. This research is made easier with the help of the Internet, and without having the Internet businesses would have a much harder start-up process. Computers and the Internet are two technological advancements that have improved the world of business.These two genius inventions have helped businesses in marketing, communication, start up, and bonny their every day process of running a business and with the help of these inventions, the business world will continue to blossom. Technological advancements in transportation have greatly escalated todays businesses by flummox ri d of trade barriers, and with shipping. Transportation has greatly progressed businesses because it helped the business world get rid of the trade barriers that restricted its full potential.With the introduction of cars, planes and boats, businesses have been able reach out to other countries and make business partners and long steadfast relationships with other nations. These forms of transportation helped ensure that all isolated countries in the world would begin to come out of their shell, and begin trading and making business agreements with the rest of the world. If it werent for transportation and the globalization of industries, the businesses in the US wouldnt be able to come through ground off of what other countries have to widen such as labor, resources, and property.Labor in disparate countries may benefit a firm because in poverty-stricken countries jobs are scarce and many inhabitants are willing to work for low wages, and since it is in a different countrified , there are no minimum wage issues and the firm saves money. This is called outsourcing, a process where businesses contract jobs in foreign nations, thus allowing them to establish squalid wages and expand their product globally at the same time. Businesses also expand globally now by seeking out countrys intrinsic or manmade resources such as oil, coal, copper, gold, timber, iron, mercury or precious stones and gems.All of these resources can be beneficial to businesses and thats what makes all of these resources desirable. A report written by Julliete Jowit said The Living satellite report calculates that humans are using 30% more resources than the farming can replenish each year, which is leading to deforestation, degraded soils, polluted air and water, and dramatic declines in numbers of fish and other species. (Jowit, Julliete. ) This means that more and more businesses are looking to other countries to help with the need for natural esources.In certain countries, thei r most desired attribute is land. consume is a very crucial component to a businesses success because each firm needs property to build their manufacturing sight, and in some cases the land is needful in order to make prerequisite commodities for their final product in order to cut out the middle man and save money. Land in other countries also plays a huge role in the multiplying of franchise names, which include fast food restaurants, clothing stores, and many other stores.An example of a fast food chain that has expanded throughout the world is McDonalds. McDonalds Fast food restaurant serves over 64 one million million million people every day in over 31,000 restaurants in 119 diverse countries. (McDonalds. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. ) Without the evolution of transportation and the reduction of trade barriers and other restrictions on foreign countries, franchises and other companies would not be capable of extending over the world. transfer of training is another way that the invention of high-speed transportation has transform the world of business.Having the capability to send products across the globe in just a few days is extremely helpful to every company and its customers. It assists businesses in spreading popularity, and also helps businesses sell more of their products. Distributing products through transportation has increased brand name awareness for many companies by increasing their popularity. With the help of shipping, more and more firms have been able to pervade their products all over the world, to a variety of different customers, which has severely increased their popularity.The progression of shipping has allowed companies to sell more of their products because it helps them distribute their products to customers who arent coda to a store that sells the merchandise. 34 Percent of all shoppers prefer to grease ones palms their commodities on the Internet and through online shopping, and 80 percent of online clouders w ere motivated to buy through the Internet because of shipping. (Charleton, Graham 34% of Shoppers Prefer to Buy Online Report) Shipping offers a sense of convenience to some acquirers because it allows them to buy merchandise without release out to help with their busy schedules.Technological advancements in the transportation diligence have helped businesses achieve more sales, get better brand recognition, gain more customers, and create more business partners. The invention and development of smart phones has assisted businesses by making it extremely easy to communicate with partners, deal with doubts and complaints of customers, and has also helped with smart phone applications. Smart phones such as i recalls, Blackberries, and Droids are essential equipment to businesses men and women because they help them communicate.These smart phones help business men keep in contact with their coworkers and business partners by allowing them to call, text or telecommunicate while on t he go. Collaborating with coworkers and business associates is made easy because all they need to do to call, text or email their significant other to keep up with their work. The ease of communicating between business associates allows many businessmen to work while they are at home, on vacation, or anywhere for that matter. Smartphones can help business productivity by providing the means for employees and entrepreneurs and owners to stay in touch with their primary contacts even while by from their place of business.This allows enterprises to grow even while on the move, which gives them a very competitive advantage in todays world. (How Smartphone Help Business Productivity Planet Antares Scam Tips. ) Smart phones also help through means of communication because they allow companies to video chat. Video chat has dramatically increased the efficiency of businesses by allowing them to have a business meeting, even while they are 10,000 miles apart.Video chat is used between all types of business associates and gives all companies a sense of convenience. An article from grovel. com said A company could have an office in China, one in the UK, and one in the US, and they can all collaborate on projects as if they were in the same office together. (Eddington, Joe. How Can Web Conferencing Help Your Business? Huddles Blog. ) Video chat also helps businesses save money by allowing them to communicate and have business meetings without having to travel to a different country or state.Communicating through smart phones has also enables customers to call, email or even video chat with companies when they have a complaint or problem with a product. When a customer has a predicament, it is a saucer-eyed as either a phone call or email to the company to help them go through trouble-shooting steps to solve their problem. Business Support Systems (BSS), and Operation Support Systems (OSS) are two types of support offered by todays businesses that are essential to h elp create and maintain customer relationships. (BSS Business Support System NetworkDictionary. )Another way that businesses represent support to their customers is by offering live video chat support. many a(prenominal) businesses have live chat links on their companys website, which allow customers to have a one on one conference to solve their problem. All of these benefits are given to consumers thanks to the advancements of smart phones. opponent to the benefits of communication from smart phones, the ability to use applications on iPhones, Blackberries and Droids have also had a significant outcome on todays firms.Applications on these smart phones assist consumers by allowing the companies to portion their customers through the app, or by letting customers purchase merchandise through the application. IPhone, blackberry, and Droid apps all help businesses service to their customers by allowing them to conveniently use the service given from the company on their smart ph one. An example is the banking company Chase, who allows their customers to deposit check and transfer money to different peoples accounts through their smart phone apps. (Bruene, Jim. Chase lingos Jot App Shows the Future of energetic Transaction Processing (NetBanker). )By allowing these services through their applications, businesses like Chase Banking help create a positive relationship with their customers. An essay titled The Effectiveness Of Branded Mobile Phone Apps said Smart phone apps focus attention on the user, and therefore encourages making personal connections with the brand. (Duane, Varan, et al. The Effectiveness Of Branded Mobile Phone Apps. ) These applications dont just allow their customers to enjoy services offered by companies, but they also empower their customer to purchase goods with the help of apps.An article written by Christina Warren said, Over the last few years, in-app purchases have accommodate an increasingly common way for active app develop ers to enhance their mobile products and services. (Warren, Christina. 4 Ways In-App Purchasing Will Change Mobile. ) Many plentiful name clothing brands, equipment-selling companies, and even restaurants allow smart phone users to purchase their product through smart phone apps. An example is Dominoes, whose app lets users order and pay for pizza all with the help of their apps. Dominoes made over 1. million dollars off their iPhone application last year. (Kats, Rimma. Dominos Pizza IPhone App Generates much than $1. 3M in Sales. )Smart phone applications have changed businesses all over the world by allowing them to sell their products and services through the benefits of their applications. Smart phones have helped businesses become more effective by allowing them to communicate between business associates and customers and with the help of applications. Technological advancements have helped businesses develop and progress through out the years of the technology era.These dev elopments include computers and the Internet, the improvements in transportation, and the inventions of smart phones. These inventions and creations have helped businesses sell more of their products and services, helped create brand awareness for companies, and assisted in creating and maintaining positive relationships with their customers. A world without technology would make a huge difference in business because without technology, these companies wouldnt have Emails, computer storage, online stores, globalization of their company, shipping, rapid communication or smart phone applications.

Gender Identity Essay

sexuality identities argon located by biological, affectionate and cognitive learning factors, these find overtime and more than times than most sex activity identity ele custodyt is determined in tikehood and usu eithery by the age of six to vii years of age.Biological factors can play a big case in shaping a childs physical development, roughly researchers suggest or believe that the same sex hormones enable sexual organ differentiation in utero of which triggers puberty, later on early(a) gender identity factors ar friendly and milieual factors, some believe a childs gender identity is affected by the expressive style they atomic number 18 raised and their social environment. These factors can determine a childs gender identity and whether they become bisexual, heterosexual or early(a) factors and identities.Gender roles and sexism can be identified by social identity like the expectations of a psyche by what sex they may be like male or female some countries believe women hobble home and take care of their husbands and children and stay hidden and silent , other countries like the us women and men are equal and both ask basically the same types of careers much(prenominal) as construction workers, and most careers are non limited to gender identity , examples of these concepts is like the middle atomic number 99 women are not allowed to be seen or heard unless spoken to and in no such terms are they permitted to speak to or seek at other men for these laws being broken they are punished severly. in the us women and men treat each other every bit and women have the same legal rights as men, women are not handle as children were treated back years ago , women in the US live their lives as men do equally. So gender roles enumerate on what culture you live in.Differences in men and women in social environments and cognitively are very different, and in some cases are the same, men can go to a restaurant or a social club and take co nsiderable risks where a women will be more shy and timid, as for problems when these arise men most likely bear for solutions to their problems before talking to a friend or family member some them where a women will contemplate and look for answers with the family or friends they speak to. workforce and womens intelligence levels are basically the same and as for environment men and womens biological variations may be due to the influences they are around like men watching football together or women at a needlepoint club, and their gender developments, as well as where they socialize men and women are distinctively different and the same further different due to the regulation of their hormones and the way their systems are different and the difference in their brain functions, men and womens emotions are mechanically different. champion biological perspective or evidence suggest that differences in communicatory and spatial abilities memory, and aggression are linked, to di fferences in hormones secretions between males and females this claims gender identity as being influenced re all research by hormonal imprinting before birth, a persons masculine or feminine traits can be described by whether a person sees themselves as a man or a women and how society perceives them whether it be stereotyping, or social differences. The masculine and femininity continuums characteristics are defending an opinion or beliefs, being a provider, sexually aggressive, unemotional, logical, rational, intellectual, and stoical adventurous, and competiveness.Being a leader, and being self-sufficient and an organizer and being unconditional these are the ship canal of maleness or feminism traits continuum, these can be described to fall into felinity as well as masculinity these are added traits to the continuum, caring for a child and other people, being empathetic or being indecisive, caring and affectionate, the way females and males differ in many ways men and women a re the same, In conclusion to gender identity masculinity and feminism are described as degrees but are not absolute in all people there is no such thing as one hundred percent female or one hundred percent male, this is all a myth we all basically fall in both categories and our gender identity is not decided for us.

Man Wildlife Conflicts

The problem of Man Elephant battle is more severe in the districts of Hassan and Madikeri where bigger herds of elephants can be seen roaming and marauding the farms especi completelyy in or salutary the forest aras damaging the valuable agricultural crops. At times in that respect harbour been overtaking of tender lives which only accentuates the problem taking this negate to an entirely new level. Naturally people can tolerate the pass of agricultural crops unless non the loss of their family members.But then who is responsible for all this? It is we who realise intruded into their territory, converting the forests into agricultural farms, growing crops and inviting the elephants to our doorsteps to come and lead their hold up fill. Its we who fool fragmented their home ground by making roads, dams and canals. We have honeycombed their home ground by our so called developmental activities eating into their homelands and this appetite of ours for their beas is only increase day by day with the bulging human population.The elephants in these aras face to have a real peculiar habit. First they have their stomach fill. After that they roam around in attempt of arrack which is commonly being distilled in local bhatties. The arrack or the distil ball up gives them a nice kick and these drunken elephants are responsible for the loss of human lives. The tools employed by the forest part like bursting of crackers, gunshots or fire torches are too primitive to stop or intimidate away the marauding pack of drunken elephants.The Man-Leopard conflict is more unmistakable in the transition zone between dry plain lands and the spurt hilly areas. In the Chikmagalur district it is more a problem in the dry taluqa of Kadur particularly b fix uping villages of Kadur and Chikmagalur taluqa where the dry tract ends. Kadur is the place which earned a bad name for it ab turn up 10 years back. It was here where great deem of panthers had to be shot and killed by employing and bringing so called frizzly shooters from all over the state in search of an illusive so called man-eater panther.The end result of all this hunting spree was that each day and night several panthers were shot and brought to the post mortem table, post mortem was carried out and the killed panther was declared innocent as no human remains could be detected inside till finally some human hair remnants were detected in one and then only this dig spree came to a halt. It is debatable whether it was really required to kill such(prenominal) a bighearted number of panthers which is an endangered species but perhaps the department had no means to identify the rrant panther and hence large number of panthers had to be killed in search of that illusive wayward one. Moreover at times one is driven by the urge to be seen as trying his best. Probably this urge opened the floodgates and gradually people took the law of nature into their own hands thinking that why to wait for the forest department when they can themselves teach panthers a lesson. Same happened some time back. A family of a mother panther and its two grown up cubs was seen in the vicinity of a village.They hunted a sura and ate it partially before they were chased away by the villagers. Once they left, the carcass of the calf was nicely poisoned. When the mother and the cub returned unsuspectingly next day, they consumed the remains and in the process died themselves. Leopards by nature tend to stray into the habitations in search of their kill. Their natural prey is becoming rare in the forests and the omnipresent kine and dogs in the vicinity of the villages on the periphery of forest brings them in block conflict of the human beings.In some other areas besides few panthers have had to lose their lives being caught in the snares. These snares are fixed in the alter wire fence of coffee dry lands, not necessarily by the estate owners but at times by their labour in order to catch round the bend boars or smaller animals. However it is the panthers and Sambars who have had to gift the price with their lives for their adventure in to the estates. The Man- Tiger conflicts are by and large restricted to the high forests and the coffee estates in the vicinity of forests in Chikmagalur district.These conflicts also arise due to depredation by tigers on the cattle or getting entangled in the snares fixed in the fencings of the estates. Few tigers have been killed due to such snares. In Chikmagalur, Hassan, Kodagu and other Western Ghat districts Coffee plantations are an integral part of the topography. The conditions available in the coffee estates make them very close to look like forest. Presence of cattle in such areas makes them archetype hunting grounds for the tigers and leopards bringing them in direct conflict with the villagers.Moreover there are large number of authorized and unauthorized suffocate loading guns available making it very difficult for the nonsensical biography to survive. Primary reason for all these conflicts is fragmentation of the wild habitat. Whereas few patches have been brought under the Conservation network by declaring them as National set or Sanctuaries, about 85-90% of the forest areas are still outside this network. period there can be no doubt that establishing this network has contributed significantly to wildlife conservation. But real problem is that even these networks are also fragmented.Whereas number concentration in these parks and sanctuaries is on wildlife protection making the conditions ideal for wildlife, but what about the wildlife staying in forest areas outside these networks. Wildlife knows no boundaries. globe of ideal conditions in sanctuaries has helped wildlife to multiply rapidly but where is the additional habitat required to make care of the additional population of animals, which tries to flow over to the close areas only to get killed. This is particu larly so with regard to the wild animals having territorial tendencies. in that location is need to have a continuous conservation network with sufficient area and resources to take care of the progeny. Right now virtually no effort is being made to take up wild life related management works outside the parks and sanctuaries. The lands outside the parks and sanctuaries (even inside also) are constantly under threat of encroachment. Honeycombing of the forestlands has already reached extreme. The tools employed by the government in reducing the Man and Wildlife Conflicts are highly insufficient and hence not producing desired results.If we think that salaried a few hundred or thousands Rupees to a person as compensation for crop damages by elephants or for a cattle killed by a leopard or tiger would save our wildlife from getting poisoned or shot, then it is nothing but our shortsightedness. Even this so-called wildlife compensation is compensable to him after making innumerable t rips to the concerned office. The farmer has to forego his stipend for each day he has to visit the office, he has to pay from his poke for the bus charge and has to undergo physical strain .And what he gets is moreover few hundred rupees. Such hardships discourage him and in the process he gets encouraged to take the law into his own hands and to settle win with his tormentor- the wildlife. on that point are only losers on twain the sides. The Forest officials are also at times not acting in tandem. There is no coordination among the adjoining wholes. Particularly in case of elephant herds movements between the adjoining units it can be seen. Everybody wants to drive away the herds to another adjoining unit without giving any thought.It only complicates the problems. Need of the hour is to have a stock of the real problem. And then only solutions can be found. We tend to take each problem in a routine manner. There is a tendency to leave the things to lower subordinates. The powers that be have to take everybody into confidence, discuss the issue threadbare and then have to take a conscious decision. A conscious policy decision need not be essentially sweet and liked by all but it may herald a new era where people and wildlife both can coexist beneficially.

Wendell Phillip Speech

Wendell Phillips, a white American abolitionist, used the power of language to his advantage to fall in an influential speech filled with praises and moving words for the former slave, Haitian general, Toussaint-Louverture. His words reveal an unmistakable abolitionist fervor that screams to Americans to offer African Americans to serve in the military and open their eyes to the oppression of slavery. He attempts to ignite this passion through his zealous attitude, his strategic defense for Louverture, and his legato progression of minds. His most good technique, however, is hidden under the surface in his use of stellar repeat structure and reference to historical allusions. These tools allow him to praise his esteemed subject while at the same duration moving and influencing his audiences.Phillips speech is rich with historical allusions to the colossal drawship of our past- leaders who have had a significant impact on our American history. He first juxtaposes his introdu ction of Louverture with an input about George Washington, the great American chairwoman and military leader. This appeals to American emotions as an influential leader is followed up by a Haitian Negro. By placing the two names side by side, Phillips emphasizes a much-intended similarity between the two in terms of greatness. He makes a second juxtaposition when Oliver Cromwell, an important English political leader known for his military skill, is stated parallel to Toussaints. Similar to the juxtaposition to Washington, Phillips looks to arrest the mere differences between Cromwell and Toussaint and portray them as equals.A second effective mechanic used in Phillips speech is the flawless use of parallel sentence structure throughout the passage. He admires Toussaints action when he forged a thunderbolt and hurled it and follows this assertion by paralleling the Spaniards, French, and English. This structure illuminates how the Haitian successfully challenged each of these great European powers and came up victorious. The structure creates a build-up, each one effectively follo gaing the next. This syntax adds to the emphasis of Louvertures great accomplishments and puts them in a light not too far-fetched from those of the great Europeans.Wendell Phillips carefully chosen diction and use of syntax frees the audience of disfavor in debating whether to allow Negroes into the military. He embodies his speech with emotion and power that pushes the idea that Toussaint should be credited along with the other renound leaders. His language moves his audience in a way that contributes to the developing abolitionist fervor that helped the North win the Civil War. He instills in them the same respect for Louverture as for Washington, the vex of their country and Cromwell, the great military leader. His words were strong enough to cast America as a whole and carried with it so much lawfulness and emotions that people were left with only one thing to do-fight to f ree the ever-oppressing imprisonment of slavery.

Children Education Special Needs Essay

This counterbalance chapter introduces you to an argona of study that has greatly considered the lives of countless pincerren in positive way. Together we will realise a look at the radical multifariousness of thought that has taken place, not tho in this country, but withal in new(prenominal)(a) parts of the world. This, in turn, has influenced our viewing of how we identify clawren who require peculiar(prenominal) of necessity. present you will look into the unfolding scenario that greatly affects tout ensemble of us as we argon beingness introduced to various groups who ar directly or indirectly associated with these s start outrren.They include parents, educators, legislators, and even our leaders. But in the precise central pip are the s namerren who are surpassing or who accept modified(a) go. As you scram acquainted with new terminology, keep your focus on the study trends outlined, e supernumeraryly as these are interwoven into later chapters, as they play up issues related to groups of chelaren with specialised needfully or e particular(prenominal)(a)ities. Foc using Questions 1. How slang perspectives on treating individuals with superfluous ineluctably changed everywhere time? 2.What are the major(ip) forces that affect individuals with particular inevitably machinatement? 3. How have families been instru psychic in obtaining function for individuals with specific of necessity or particular(a) sm entirely fryren? 4. What trends show that individuals with finicky demand or extraordinary individuals are becoming more than integrated into fiat? Chapter Outline 1. Who are the individuals with particular needs or transcendent children? 2. Characteristics of those with supernumerary needs or Exceptional Children 3. telling scholarly persons with special needs 4.Methods of readingal sustenance 5. instructional strategies 6. Changing perspectives on special needs children or exceptional children 7. Environ psychogenic influences on special needs children or exceptional individuals 8. Families of special needs children or exceptional children 9. The special needs children and the give lessons 10. The special needs children in the society 11. Issues Related To The spare conveys Children 12. inclusive fostering in Malaysia Country Report 1. Who Are the Exceptional Children or Children with Special Need 2.Who Are the Exceptional Children or Children with Special Need Special reading is the knowledge of pupils with special needs or exceptional children in a way that addresses the students individual discordences and needs. Ideally, this process involves the individually be after and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, suitable equipment and strongs, additionible settings, and an other(prenominal) hinderances knowing to athletic prevailer come uponers with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in sch ool and residential district. well-nigh of the jet special needs of these children include challenges with encyclopedism, communication challenges, emotional and behavioral disorders, corporal disabilities, and developmental disorders. Special needs students benefit from superfluous educational run such as antithetical courtes to teaching, habit of technology, a specifically obligeed teaching area, or resource room. We define a child with special needs or exceptional child as a child who resists from the average or ordinary child in 1) mental characteristics, 2) sensorial abilities, 3) communication abilities, 4) behavior and emotional development, 4) children with multiple and severe handicapping conditions, or 5) sensual characteristics.These differences must occur to such an period that in order to develop his or her unparalleled capabilities, the child requires a modification of school practices, or special educational work. Perhaps the definition given is quite general. You capability be asking what is meant by average or regular? What is special education? How do we decide whether the child requires special education run or not? 2.CHAR comeERISTICS OF picky NEEDS OR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN 2. CHARACTERISTICS OF special(prenominal) NEEDS OR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN Children are considered educationally exceptional only when it is incumbent to alter the educational weapons platform. As an example, a child is considered exceptional if he or she is unable to read or to master learning in the traditional way or a child becomes bore by what is being taught in the classroom beca pulmonary tuberculosis he or she is farthest ahead of others. The term exceptional child arsehole mean different things in education, in psychology, or in other disciplines.In education we unremarkably group children of similar characteristics for instructional purposes. more or less typical groupings are as follow 1. Intellectual differences This includes chi ldren who have high intellectual abilities as well as those who are slow to learner 2. Sensory differences This includes children with audile or visual impairments or disabilities 3. Communication differences This includes children with learning disabilities, or saving and language disabilities 4. Behavior differences This includes children who are emotionally disturbed or affablely maladjusted.5. Children with multiple and severe handicapping conditions This includes children with combinations of impairments (for example cerebral palsy and mental ineptitude deafness and blindness) 6. Physical differences. This includes children with non-sensory disabilities that impede mobility and corporeal vitality When discussing a child as learner, we need to look at the complete portrait of the child itself, including the amicable and family context in which the child lives. These are the complex and unique forces which influence the child individuality.Once we recognize this, it is eas ier to choose the just about curb instructional strategies and the most suitable learning environment. 3. IDENTIFYING STUDENTS WITH extra NEEDS 3. IDENTIFYING STUDENTS WITH particular(prenominal) NEEDS Some children are easily identified as candidates for special needs from their medical checkup history diagnosed with a genetic condition that is associated with mental retardation, brain damage, developmental disorder, visual or hearing disabilities, or other disabilities. Less frank identification are students with learning difficulties.Two primary(a) methods have been used for identifying them i. discrepancy model depends on the teacher noticing that the students achievements are noticeably below what is expected, and ii. response to intervention model which advocates to earlier intervention. In the discrepancy model, a student lift ups special educational services for a specific learning hassle (SLD) if the child has at least normal intelligence, and his academicia nian achievement is below what is expected of with his or her intelligent quotient (IQ)..The discrepancy model recently has been criticized among researchers because diagnosing SLDs on the basis of the discrepancy amid achievement and IQ does not predict the effectiveness of give-and-take. Low academic achievers who also have low IQ appear to benefit from treatment just as much as low academic achievers who have normal or high intelligence. Therefore an alternative approach has been identified. This approach i. identifies children who are having difficulties in school in their first or heartbeat year after starting school. ii. provides problematic children with assistance such as participating in a reading remediation program.iii. focuses on responses of these children on the intervention provided, then determines whether they are designated as having a learning disability. iv. ensures that those a few(prenominal) who still have trouble whitethorn then receive appointment and further assistance.Many experts believe that i. early remediation can greatly reduce the number of children outfiting diagnostic criteria for learning disabilities. ii. the focus on learning disabilities and the provision of allowances in school fails to acknowledge that people have a range of strengths and weaknesses and iii.most parents and teachers place undue emphasis on academics In helping these children, their individual needs should be given a priority.Some of the critical issues need to be taken into considerations are i. profits for these children should be customized to address each individual students unique needs. ii. Special educators should provide a continuum of services, in which students with special needs receive services in varying degrees based on their individual needs iii. Programs need to be individualized so that they address the unique combination of needs in a given student iv.Educational professionals need to use personalized Education Programs (IEP) when referring to a students need v.They are being assessed for educational purposes i. e. to determine their specific strengths and weaknesses vi. All placement, resources, and goals are determined on the basis of the students needs vii. Should plan for accommodations and modifications to the incessant program which include changes in political platform, supplementary aides or equipment, and the provision of vary physical reconcileations that allow students to participate in the educational environment to the fullest effect contingent.4. METHODS OF developmentAL PROVISION 4. METHODS OF EDUCATIONAL PROVISION This can be broadly grouped into four categories, (using North American terminology) i. Inclusion Students with special educational needs spend all, or at least more than half, of the school day with students who do not have special educational needs. Since comprehension body can require substantial modification of the general broadcast, most schools use it only for se lected students with mild to moderate special needs. Specialized services whitethorn be provided inside or outside the regular classroom, depending on the suit of service.Students whitethorn occasionally leave the regular classroom to attend smaller, more intensive instructional sessions in a resource room, or to receive other related services that might require specialized equipment or might be disruptive to the rest of the class, such as expression and language therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, or might require greater privacy, such as focal point sessions with a social worker. ii. MainstreamingThe practice of educating students with special needs in classes with non-disabled students during specific time periods based on their skills. iii. separationism The practice of educating students in a branch classroom or special school. Some of the typical features are * students with special needs spend no time in classes with non-disabled students * students may attend the like school where regular classes are provided, but spend all instructional time exclusively in a separate classroom for students with special needs * if their special class is located in an ordinary school, they may be provided opportunities for social integration outside the classroom, e.g. , by eating meals with non-disabled students iv. ExclusionA student who does not receive instruction in any school is at that placefrom excluded from school. Exclusion may be described as * Those children with special needs which have been excluded from school, and such exclusion may still occur where there is no legal mandate for special education services, such as in developing and under developed countries * Children who are sick and need to be hospitalized housebound children, or thosedetained by the criminal justice system. These children may receive one-on-one instruction or group instruction in hospital, at home, or the place where they are being detained. merely, student s who have been hang up or expelled from schools are not considered excluded in this sense. 5. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES 5. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES distinguishable instructional techniques are used for well-nigh students with special educational needs. Instructional strategies are classified as being either accommodations or modifications.An accommodation is a reasonable adjustment to teaching practices so that the student learns the uniform material, but in a format that is accessible to the student. Accommodations may be classified by whether they change the presentation, response, setting, or scheduling. For example, the school may halt a student with visual impairments by providing a large issue textbook. This is known as a presentation accommodation. Examples of accommodations i. Response accommodation. Typing provision assignments rather than hand-writing them (considered a modification if the subject is learning to write by hand).Or by having whatsoeverone else write down answers given verbally. ii. presentment accommodation. Listening to audio books rather than reading printed books. Agencies like Recording for the wile and Dyslexic and RNIB National Library service in the UK provide a variety of titles on tape and CD. These may be used as substitutes for the text, or as supplements intended to bolster the students reading fluency and phonic skills. Similar options include designating a person to read text to the student, or providing text to obstetrical delivery software.Others include designating a person to take notes during lectures, using a talking calculator rather than one with only a visual display. iii. Setting accommodation. Taking a test in a quieter room. Moving the class to a room that is physically accessible, e. g. , on the first floor of a building or near an elevator or arranging seating assignments to benefit the student, e. g. , by sitting at the lie of the classroom. iv. Scheduling accommodations. Students may be given rest breaks or extend time on tests (may be considered a modification, if speed is a chemical element in the test).All developed countries permit or require some degree of accommodation for students with special needs, and special provisions are usually made in examinations which take place at the end of stately development. A modification changes or adapts the material to make it simpler. Modifications may change what is learned, how difficult the material is, what level of mastery the student is expected to achieve, whether and how the student is assessed, or any another aspect of the plan.For example, the school may transform a reading assignment for a student with reading difficulties by change a shorter, easier book. A student may receive both(prenominal) accommodations and modifications. Examples of modifications i. Skipping subjects Students may be taught less information than typical students, skipping over material that the school deems inappropriate for the student s abilities or less authorized than other subjects. For example, students whose fine motor skills are weak may be taught to print block letter and not cursive handwriting.ii. Simplified assignments Students may read the same literature as their peers but have a simpler version, for example Shakespeare with both the original text and a modern reword available. iii. Shorter assignments Students may do shorter homework assignments or take shorter, more saturated tests, e. g. 10 math problems instead of 30. iv. Extra aids If students have deficiencies in working memory, a list of vocabulary words, called a word bank, can be provided during tests, to reduce lack of recall and increase chances of comprehension.Students might use a calculator when other students are not. v. Extended time Students with raze processing speed may benefit from extended time in assignments and/or tests in order to comprehend questions, recall information, and synthesize knowledge. In addition to how the stud ent is taught the academic curriculum, schools may provide non-academic services to the student. These are intended ultimately to increase the students personal and academic abilities. Related services include developmental, corrective, and other supportive services as are required to assist a student with special needs.This includes speech and language pathology, audiology, psychological services, physical therapy, occupational therapy, counseling services, including rehabilitation counseling, orientation and mobility services, medical services as defined by regulations, parent counseling and development, school health services, school social work, assistive technology services, other appropriate developmental or corrective support services, appropriate access to recreation and other appropriate support services.In some countries, most related services are provided by the schools in others, they are provided by the normal health care and social services systems. As an example, st udents who have sick spectrum disorder, poor impulse control, or other behavioral challenges may learn self-management techniques, be kept closely on a comfortingly predictable schedule, or given extra cues to signal activities. 6. CHANGING PERSPECTIVES ON SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN 6. CHANGING PERSPECTIVES ON SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN In the 19th and twentieth century, medical profession was the first profession that gave significant vigilance to exceptional children.The attention was on the unique characteristics of the children that helped to diagnose their condition and treatment. They gave very little attention to the environment, the family, the culture and its influences on those children. For example if a child was blind or mental slow down, it was accepted that the problem was entirely deep down the child. The basic problem was to find ways to help the child adapt to the surrounding world. As programs for exceptional children expanded, it became clear that exceptional child twisty a mix of the individuals characteristics which needed to take into account statement the demands of the environment on each individual.With this, the concept of exceptionality moved from a medical model, which implies a physical condition or disease within the patient, to an ecologic model which sees the exceptional child in complex interaction with environmental forces. 7. environmental INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN environmental INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS 7. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS.ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON SPECIAL NEEDS In order to understand exceptional children, we have to understand the environment in which the child exists. The child is at the center of a complex network of forces the family, the school, and the larger society. As the child develops, the impact of each of these forces changed. For example, the family may be very important in early years, but in later years, school and society become more important. Even though t he influence of parents on the child is undis hurlable, bur psychologists and educators also believe that children have a unchewable influence on their parents.A child who is hyperactive or has difficulty giving attention can create negative reaction among other members of the family. This will increase the child problem. Thus we need to look at both the effects of the family and the personal characteristics on the child. On the other hand, the school environment exerts a significant influence on the developing individual. accessible forces and values can also influence exceptional children. The acceptance or non acceptance of the society on the disable children can affect the parents to care with the exceptional child.Thus we can say that family, school, and society leave greater impact on the ability to cope with exceptionality than the individual or the nature of the exceptionality itself. 8. FAMILIES OF SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN 9. FAMILIES OF SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN One of the important elements in the ecological setting of any child is the family. For the exceptional child, the critical role of the family environment is more visible. For normal or able-bodied person, it is difficult to understand what it is like to have a handicapping condition. We can try to understand physical handicap, blindness and deafness through simulation.But still to those who have been injure from birth they do not have the visual, auditory and motor memories to help them. In fact it is harder to imagine what it is like to be mentally retarded i. e. not to understand what is going on around them. Imagine failing at almost every tasks and what that does to an individual. Similarly it is hard to grasp the problems of the ingenious of superior ability child, who cannot understand why others cannot see what is so obvious to him or her. Having exceptional children can happen to anyone, regardless of educational background, family locating or financial standing.Society at large has begun to appreciate the pain sensation and stress of parents having a child who is handicapped, and to realize the important of external support to maintain their equilibrium under those circumstances. Most parents with a severely handicapped child must cope with at least two major crises. The first is the symbolic death of the child who was to be the loss of their dreams and hopes. great(p) parents have high hope for the unborn child for success, for education, and for financial security. The cooperate crisis is more challenging the problem of providing daily care for their exceptional child.For example, the child who is autistic or cerebral palsied is often difficult to feed, to dress, and to put to bed. The thought that the child is not going to go through normal developmental process weighs heavily on them. 9. THE SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN AND THE check 9. THE SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN AND THE SCHOOL School is not only a center for learning but also a social training ground. School provides opportunities for the child to develop skills and knowledge that will allow him to adapt to the society, to respond to adult requirements, to interact with his peers, to form friendships, and to learn how to work cooperatively with others.For exceptional children school becomes particularly important in getting special kinds of assistance to become productive adults. Schools should carry out the responsibilities of providing a chuck up the sponge public education for all children. In the past handicapped students have been deprived of the education because of the perception that these children did not fit into the open program. However in recent decades the schools have accepted their role more positively in giving equal education for all. 10. THE SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY 10. THE SP ECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN IN THE SOCIETY.The most revolutionary changes over the last few decades were the societys view and acceptance of exceptional individuals as contributing members of society. However, it is helpful to understand the history of special needs children. The concept of giving education to every child to the highest performance possible is relatively new idea. The use of the term exceptional is itself a demonstration of radical change in societys view of those who differ from the norm. There are roughly four stages in the development of social attitudes toward children and adult with handicaps1. During the pre-Christian era where handicapped children were neglected or mistreated. 2. During the spread of Christianity, those children were defend and pities. 3. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries where institutions started to be established to provide separate education for exceptional children 4. In the latter part of twentieth century, we see a movement toward accepting people with handicaps and integrating them into society to the fullest extent possible. 11. ISSUES RELATED TO THE SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN 11. ISSUES RELATED TO THE SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN.1. At-Risk Students At risk students (those with educational needs that are not associated with a disability) are often placed in classes with students who have disabilities. Critics assert that placing at-risk students in the same classes as students with disabilities may impede the educational progress of people with disabilities. Some special education classes have been criticized for a watered-down curriculum. 2. Inclusion The practice of inclusion (in mainstream classrooms) has been criticized by advocates and some parents of children with special needs.This is because some of these students require instructional methods that differ from typical classroom methods. Critics assert that it is not possible to deliver in effect two or more very different instructional methods in the same c lassroom. As a result, the educational provision for these students who depend on different instructional methods in order to learn often fire up even further rear end their peers. Parents fear that their children would continue to lack behind from the rest of the class and thereby impair the academic achievements of all students.(NOTE discussion on Country Report) 3. Eligibility Criteria Some parents, advocates, and students have concerns about the eligibility criteria and their application. In some cases, parents and students protest the students placement into special education programs. For example, a student may be placed into the special education programs due to a mental health condition such as obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, scourge attacks or ADHD, while the student and his parents believe that the condition is adequately managed through medication and outside therapy.In other cases, students whose parents believe they require the additional support of special education services are denied participation in the program based on the eligibility criteria. 4. Severely disabled children It is debated whether it is useful and appropriate to attempt to educate the most severely disabled children, such as children who are in a persistent vegetative state. While many an(prenominal) severely disabled children can learn simple tasks, such as pushing a buzzer when they want attention, some children may be incapable of learning.Some parents and advocates say that these children would be better served by substituting improved physical care for any academic program. 13. inclusive EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA COUNTRY REPORT MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MALAYSIA 14. INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA COUNTRY REPORT MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MALAYSIA National Education Philosophy * To reinforce the direction and goals of national education. * It emphasises holistic and integrated education. * To nurture well-balanced students physically, emotionally, spiritually a nd intellectually Vision Excellent Schools and a Glorious Nation.Mission exploitation Individual Potential through Quality Education Overview of the system INCLUSIVE EDUCATION Welcome all learners regardless of their characteristics or disadvantages and addressing the diverse needs of all learners by reducing barriers within the learning environment. Adopting more holistic definition of inclusive education Inclusive education means that all students in a school, regardless of their differences, are part of the school community and can feel that they belong. The mandate to ensure access, participation and achievement for every student is taken as given.(Department of Education, Tasmania, 2006) Building a school community where students are not only valued and respected but also involves social connectedness and creates a feeling of belonging among the students (DISABLED + NON DISABLED). Inclusive education in Malaysia is illustrated by the opportunity to gain access (without gender bias) to pure tone education for all, including At Risk children/adults, namely * Children with special education needs * Indigenous children (Orang Asli & Penans) * Children in hospitals (Schools in Hospital) * Young convicts and juveniles (IS & HGS)* unregistered or stateless children and * Indigenous adults (Adult education classes) Malaysia Embraces Inclusive Education * 2003 arrogant primary education * 2008 Free education or fully funded schooling (No school fees or examination fees) * Support program Textbooks-on-loan, boarding facilities, scholarships, allowances, intellectual nourishment & nutrition and school health. * Curricula for specific groups Modified/alternative curriculum for children with special needs, special curriculum for autochthonic pupils and special learning modules for indigenous adults * Remedial and enrichment programs to reduce gaps in 3Rs.LEGISLATION ACT 550 EDUCATION ACT (1996) Chapter 3 Compulsory Education Minister to provide prima ry education for all 29A. (1) The Minister may, by order published in the Gazette, rank primary education to be compulsory education. Chapter 8 Special Education 40. The Minister shall provide special education in special schools established under paragraph 34(1) (b) or in such primary or secondary schools as the Minister deems expedient. Power to prescribe the duration of and curriculum on special education 41. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), the Minister may by regulations prescribe .(a) the duration of primary and secondary education suitable to the needs of a pupil in receipt of special education (b) the curriculum to be used in respect of special education (c) the categories of pupils requiring special education and the methods appropriate for the education of pupils in each category of special schools and (d) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for the purposes of this Chapter. Below are illustrations of the acts ACT 685 PERSONS WITH DIS ABILITIES ACT PWDs (Persons with disabilities) (2008).36. (1) The Government and the private healthcare service provider shall make available essential health services to persons with disabilities which shall include the following a. prevention of further occurrence of disabilities, immunization, nutrition, environmental breastplate and preservation and genetic counselling and b. early detection of disabilities and timely intervention to arrest disabilities and treatment for rehabilitation INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION a. Convention on the Rights of the Child, UNESCO (12th December 1989) b.Jomtein World Conference on Education for All, UNESCO (1990) Article 1 Meeting Basic Learning Needs Every person child, offspring and adult shall be able to benefit from educational opportunities designed to meet their basic learning needs c. Salamanca Statement 1994 School should accommodate all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic or other conditions d. Dakar Framework for carry out (2000) Article 7(i) Expanding and improving comprehensive early childhood care and education for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged children e.Biwako Millennium Framework for Action 2002 Towards an Inclusive, breastwork Free & Right-based Society for Persons with Disabilities f. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 TYPES OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES 1. Children with permeant Development Disorders (PDD), Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder or PDD-NOS. 2. Children with ad hoc developmental Disorders Speech & Language, Cognitive Skills, Motor Function and mixed specific developmental disorders. 3. Children with chromosomal disorder (Angelman/Prader Willi Syndrome, Down Syndrome , Klinefelter Syndrome)4. Children with other Developmental Disorders (Apert Syndrome, Goldenhar, Syndrome, Noonan Syndrome) 5. Children with Specific Learning Difficulties Dyslexia, Dyspraxi a, Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia, etc. 6. Children with Emotional Behavioural Difficulties ADD, ADHD, CD, ODD, etc. 7. Children with multiple disabilities. proto(prenominal) IDENTIFICATION & INTERVENTION Early Identification a. Literacy and Numeracy Screening (LINUS) b. Checklist (Screening instrument) Identify children for special needs to be referred for diagnosis by registered doctors EARLY AND well-timed(a) INTERVENTION a. Special Education -.* Trained teachers, teaching styles, classroom environment, curriculum, extramarital activities and assistive devices. * Special Education Service Centres Special Education Service Centre a. Facilities * audiometry room * Low vision room * occupational therapy room * Physiotherapy room * Psychology room * Multi-sensory room * commonplace Rehab Corner and * Toy library. b. Personnel * Audiologist * Speech pathologist * Peripatetic * physiotherapist * Occupational Therapist * Educational and/or Clinical Psychologist. c. Services * Audiolo gy * Individual/Group Speech Therapy * hearing aids and Braille maintenance * low vision and mob.